Kidney Cancer Research Bureau

Kidney Cancer Patient League
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Statistics
 
RUSSIA
 
An estimated 16,000 Russians will be diagnosed with kidney cancer and 8011 will die of the disease in the Russia in 2008.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) comprises approximately 4% and 2.7% of all malignancies in men and  women, respectively.
Median age at diagnosis of 59.6 years. Male-female ratio of patients is 1.4 : 1.
The rate of RCC has increased by 19.3% for the past 6 years and RCC has third place in male and forth place in female by growth rate of incidence.
The reason for this increase is unknown.
RCC has second place in male by growth rate of mortality.
Approximately 90% of renal tumors are RCCs,
and 85% of these are clear cell tumors.
Other less common cell types include papillary, chromophobe, and Bellini duct (collecting duct)
tumors. Collecting duct carcinoma comprises less than 1% of kidney cancer cases. Medullary renal carcinoma is a variant of collecting duct
renal carcinoma and was initially described as occurring in patients who are sickle-cell–trait positive.

BELARUS
 
RCC comprises about 5% (in men) and 3.3% (in women) of all malignancies.
1500 people will be diagnosed with kidney cancer and 630 will die of the disease in the Belarus in 2004. Belarus is a small country with 10 millions population. That why incidence rate of RCC is high (absolute rate - 15.3 vs. 11.1 of Worldwide).
The rate of RCC has increased by 20.8-23.3% for the past 6 years. RCC took forth place in male and fifth place in female by growth rate of incidence.
Median age at diagnosis of 60.6 years.
In Gomel and Mogilev regions Belarusian Chernobyl Tragedy had an impact on the level of RCC morbidity in men leading to two-fold increase. The growth of this pathology is also registered among women. There is observed the ncrease of growth rate of kidney tumors morbidity. The risk of kidney malignant tumors has considerably increased within the population of the republic aged over 35 years old.
 
UKRAINE

 

Epidemiology of RCC in Ukraine is not favorable.

Incidence of this tumor becomes higher every year. The rate of RCC has increased by 110% for the 56 years. Ukraine has suffered from Chernobyl accident also.

 

 

 


 

Problem

 

Kidney cancer is an imortant medical and social problem for Commonwealth of Independent States (C.I.S.), especially for European part (Russian Federation, Belarus and Ukraine).

 

 

Main risk factors

Smoking and obesity are among the risk factors for RCC development.

In Russia, smoking, unfortunately, has long been a national tradition. Country is the largest importer of tobacco in the World.

The leading positions in tobacco belong to large companies with international investments. Over 2004-2005, the volume of production from the national manufacturers fell and multinational producers' share dominated.

Russia is still not on the list of countries that ratified the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). Kidney Cancer Res. Bureau took part in the first All-Russian National Forum "Health ot Tobacco" this year for ratification of FCTC. Forum was conducted by the Russian State Duma (Parliament) in collaboration wit various organizations.

 

Treatment

Radical nephrectomy is standard of treatment for stage I-III RCC. The lymph node dissection is not
considered therapeutic but does provide prognostic information.

Partial nephrectomy and ablation are considered for treatment of T1 tumors only in big cancer centers and their rate in Russia is very low.

Resection of a caval or atrial thrombus often requires the hospitalization in comprehensive cancer center and may entail the techniques of veno–venous or cardiopulmonary bypass, as a rule without  circulatory arrest (N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Res. Center).

Heat shock protein vaccine (Oncophage) approved in Russia for the treatment of intermediate-risk RCC.

Immunotherapy still remains first-line treatment for metastatic disease. Interferon-alpha is most ofen choice of medical oncologists.

Target agents (sunitinib, sorafenib, bevacizumab) are availible in metastatic RCC patients treatment. Some of them (Temsirolimus) will be approved in Russia in nearst future.

Russia participates in international clinical trials.